التفاعل الأسري كما يدركه والدا الأطفال التوحديين والعاديين في مملكة البحرين : دراسة مقارنة

Abstract

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the various levels of familial interaction domains as perceived by parents of autistic and normal children. It also aimed to examine the differences between fathers and mothers of autistic children within those interactive domains. The data of the study consisted of a sample of (80) parents (mothers and fathers) of children aged between (6-12), (40 parents of autistic children and 40 parents of normal children). For the purpose of this research, a taxonomy of familial interactions was utilized. This taxonomy was designed by Fathi Sayed Abdulraheem and Hamed Alfeqi in 1980 to identify the nature and patterns of interactions between family members and to measure the degree of cohesion between them. Moreover, descriptive and comparative methods were used. Fundamentally, the study aims to answer the following research questions: What are the various levels of familial interactive domains as perceived by parents of autistic and normal children? Are there significant statical differences in the average scores of interaction patterns between families of autistic children and families of normal children within the familial interaction domains? Are there significant statical differences in the average scores of interaction patterns between mothers and fathers of autistic children within the familial interactive domains? The study found that the highest interaction domain was the cohesion according to all parents (both autistic and normal children). This is followed by the "freedom of expression domain" and the "conflict," which were perceived to be rather low between members of a family. Regarding the second and third research questions, the analysis showed no statiscal differences between the average scores of interaction patterns between families of autistic children and normal children. Last but not least, the study found that there were no statiscal differences in the average scores of mothers and fathers of autistic children regarding the "familial interaction domains."