Empowerment-Based Intervention-Promoting Self-Efficacy and Self-Management Capacity among Adult with Sickle Cell Disease

Abstract

Abstract : Introduction: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a chronic disease that affects millions of people globally, causing chronic pain episodes and complications that significantly impact patients' self-care capacity. Empowerment-Based Interventions (EBI) have been shown to improve self-efficacy, self-care capacity, and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) among patients with chronic diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of EBI on self-efficacy, self-care capacity, and HRQOL among adults with SCD. Methods: A randomized controlled trial, two groups, pre-posttest study was conducted at two primary health care centers in Bahrain using a cluster sampling technique. A sample of 68 adults with SCD were randomly assigned to two groups. The EBI was implemented through structured small-group discussion sessions, individualized consultations, and follow-up sessions. Individualized consultations for self-management were done by adopting the 5A model (Assess, Advise, Agree, Assistant, and Arrange). Weekly communication was done to check the patient's progress, and both groups were re-evaluated for self-efficacy, self-care capacity, and HRQOL after one month. Results: The results showed a significant improvement in the EBI group regarding their ability to keep doing most of the day-to-day activities as the mean score was 4.31±0.79 compared to 3.47±0.89 in the control group (P