التحمل القلبي الوعائي والبدانة وعلاقتهما بعوامل تصلب الشرايين لعينة من الاطفال البحرينيين

Abstract

Abstract: The purpose of this research was to address the cardisvascular endurance and obesity in a Bahraini children sample and their relationship to atherosclerotic risk factors. The research was divided in to 5 chapters : Chapter 1: Chapter one included an introduction to the subject and the statemant of the problem. In addition to that, the chapter included the importance of the research, the aims of the research, the research hypotheses and finally the research terms. The aims of the research were to know the sample values of the cardio-vascular endurance, the sample values of some of the atherosderotic risk factors and the relationship between the cardio vascular endurarce and the atherosclerotic risk factors. The research hypotheses were that the cardiovascular endurance values were statistically different on behalf of the physically fit children, that the atherosclerotic risk factors values were statistically different on behalf of the physically fit children, that there was a negative relationship between cardiovascular endurance values and atherosclerotic risk factors values and that there was a positive relationship between obesity and atherosclerotic risk factors values . Chapter 2: Chapter two included the theorifical background and literatures. The researcher tried to include various topics nelated to atherosclerotic risk factors. This chapter also included the studies related to the subject in which the researcher has divided the studies in to two parts. Part one was relate to Arabic studies, whereas, part two was relate to foreign studies. In both parts, the studies tried to explore the related topics directly or indirectly. Furtheremore, these studies were introduced in a chronological rnatter . Chapter 3: Chapter three included the research method and procedures. Sample, tools, variables, study design and measurements were also included . Chapter 4: Chapter four included the approval or not approval of the research hypotheses by analyzing results and the discussion of the results . Chapter 5: Chapter five included the conclusions and recommerdations. Some of the conclusions were : 1. Physical activity and physical fitness lead to increase the cardiovascular endurance independent of body composition and obesity. 2. The increase in cardiovascular enduance does not necerraily mean a lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Instead, it can be said that obesity leads to increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure and that the increase in physical fitness and lower body weight may maintain a normal systolic & diastolic blood pressure. 3. Obesity leads to an increase in blood cholestyol and both play an important role in atherosclerotic in children. And a high physical fitness represerited by a high icardiovascular endurance plays a role in decreasing blood cholestrol and thus the decyease in atherosclerotic risk factors. An increase in high density lipoprotein is the result of a high cardiovascular endurance. 4. An acute high fibrinogen level leads to symptoms related to atherosclerosis and this was related to the level of fibrinogen. 5. Results assured that atherosclerosis could be tracked back in early life in Bahrain children 6. There was a relationship between obesity and atherosclerosis. 7. Physical activity could play a role in the prevention of Bahrain children from atherosclerosis risk factors. Recommendations were: 1. Attention ought to be in creased to encourage children to do more physicol activity via physical cducation classes, clubs and other sports facilities. 2. Parents ought to be educated to encourage their children to do more physical activity and to look at this factor as a vital one. 3. Physical activity for children ought to be increased via in-school and out-school activities. These activifies ought to include various exercises for the whole body and should fit both male and female. 4. Food halits should be considered and good ones should be chosen. Parents should also educated for that. Guidelines should be followed and also consultation. Nutiotional food must be the choise in school, and that fatty food should be discouraged. Instead, vegetables and fruits should be eaten. It is the first step to treat and to prevent obesity. 5. The reduction of children body weight by sport programs especially children who suffer from obesity. Good care should be given to their food and activities which should be aerobic in nature. 6. Obese children should be identified, and also children who have high blood pressure. 7. The enhancement of cardiovascular health via media by all means. 8. Health Centers should be increased and specialists in obesity should be included in those health centers.